Problem and Project Based Learning as a Method to Improve Problem Solving Ability in Civics Education

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to improve the problem-solving ability of grade V students in the 2024/2025 academic year in Civics through the application of problem and project based learning models. In an era of education that emphasises 21st century skills, problem-solving ability is key to achieving effective learning. The method used was Classroom Action Research (CAR) Kemmis and McTaggart model which was carried out in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The research data were collected through observation of teacher and students's activities, interviews, and problem solving ability tests. The results showed that in Cycle I, students‘s problem solving ability increased with an average score of 45.24%, which showed an increase in students’s involvement and understanding of the material taught. Furthermore, in Cycle II, the average score increased to 88%, reflecting a significant development in students's ability to identify problems, formulate a solution plan, and apply their knowledge. Thus, the application of problem and project-based learning models proved effective in improving learners' active engagement as well as their problem-solving ability in Civics subject.